WHAT IS THE OBESITY?

Obesity surgery, also known as bariatric surgery, includes various surgical procedures designed to help individuals with severe obesity lose weight and improve related health conditions. It is typically recommended for people who have not achieved significant weight loss through diet, exercise, or medication and are dealing with health issues linked to obesity, such as diabetes, high blood pressure, or sleep apnea.

Common Types of Obesity Surgery:

1. Gastric Bypass (Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass)

• A small pouch is created at the top of the stomach and connected directly to the small intestine, bypassing most of the stomach and the first part of the small intestine.

• Limits food intake and nutrient absorption.

2. Sleeve Gastrectomy (Gastric Sleeve)

• Removes about 75-80% of the stomach, leaving a tube-shaped stomach or “sleeve.”

• Reduces the amount of food the stomach can hold and may reduce hunger by affecting hormones.

3. Adjustable Gastric Band (Lap-Band)

• A silicone band is placed around the upper stomach, creating a small pouch.

• The band can be tightened or loosened to control food intake.

• Less common now due to higher failure rates compared to other methods.

4. Biliopancreatic Diversion with Duodenal Switch (BPD/DS)

• A more complex surgery involving both a sleeve gastrectomy and a significant bypass of the small intestine.

• Drastically reduces food intake and nutrient absorption, leading to substantial weight loss but requiring close monitoring of nutritional deficiencies.

5. Intragastric Balloon

• A non-surgical option where a saline-filled balloon is placed in the stomach to take up space and reduce food intake.

• Temporary, usually removed after six months.

Benefits of Obesity Surgery:

• Significant long-term weight loss.

• Improvement or resolution of obesity-related conditions like type 2 diabetes, heart disease, high blood pressure, and sleep apnea.

• Enhanced quality of life and mental health.

Risks and Considerations:

• Potential complications, such as infections, bleeding, or nutritional deficiencies.

• Requires lifelong dietary changes, vitamin supplements, and regular follow-up care.

• Not a quick fix—it’s a tool to support sustainable weight loss with behavioral changes.

Obesity surgery is typically considered for individuals with:

• A Body Mass Index (BMI) ≥ 40, or

• A BMI ≥ 35 with serious obesity-related health problems.

It’s crucial to consult with a healthcare provider to determine the most suitable type of surgery based on individual needs, health status, and goals.